Gershon Y. S. Sekley
G2 Medical Laboratory, Ghana
Title: Antimicrobial resistance-mediated complications in wound infections in Accra, Ghana
Biography
Biography: Gershon Y. S. Sekley
Abstract
Background: Wound infection is a major global health problem because it poses serious complications that result in difficulty in treatment and wounds bacterial contamination are common hospital acquired infections causing more than 80% of mortality. The aim of this study was to identify common bacteria infecting five different types of wounds and their resistance to commonly used antibiotics.
Methodology: Clinical swabs were received from hospitals and/ or clinics and some were obtained directly from patients visiting the G2 Medical Laboratory from 2015 to 2018. Specimens were obtained from wounds including Buruli ulcer, lupus, surgical, diabetes and burns. Conversional method of culturing on CLED, BLOOD AND CHOCLATE AGAR, incubated in an aerobic and anaerobic condition between 18 and 24 hours at 37°C. The microbial were identified through the gram staining and various biochemical reactions. Antibiotics sensitivity test was done for both gram negative and positive microbial.
Results: A total of 10629 specimen were analyzed and different types of bacteria were isolated, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most predominant pathogen isolated from all wound type infection: Buruli ulcer =3493 (32.9%); lupus =2180 (20.5%); surgical =2911 (27.4%); diabetes =1503 (14.1%); and burn =609 (5.7%). A total of microbial resistance n=9657. P. aeruginosa showed the highest rate of resistance to the tested antibiotics of n=5396 (55.9%): Gentamicin=963 (17.8%); amikacin=960 (17.8%); cefotaxime=813 (15.1%), ceftriaxone=850 (15.8%); ciprofloxacin=947 (17.6%) and levofloxacin=863 (16.0%) and other multidrug resistance strains identified were Enterobacter spp., n=2105 (21.8%); S. aureus, n=974 (10.1%); Klebsiella spp., n=571 (5.9%); Proteus spp., n=356 (3.7%) and E. coli, n=255 (2.6%).
Conclusion: Among other pathogens, we found P. aeruginosa to be the predominant bacteria in all wound infections and also shows the highest resistance to all tested antibiotics. A fugal elements (Aspergillius there was also isolated but no susceptibility testing was done). This study indicates that wound infections are typically polymicrobial comprising both Gram negative and positive bacterial with increased multidrug resistance to commonly used antibiotics for treatment.